• Instructor: Hannes Högni Vilhjálmsson
• Contact: Office in Venus floor 2, telephone 559-6323, and email hannes[ ]ru.is (open office hours)
• Theory Lectures: Mondays 14:00-15:40 (M113)
• Practical Lectures/Demos: Wednesdays 10:20-11:55 (M113)
• Labs: Thursdays 8:30-10:05 (M113)

This is a comprehensive course in both the theory and practice of Virtual Environments (VEs). Virtual Environments are simulations that engage the senses of users through real-time 3D graphics, audio and interaction to create an experience of presence within an artificial world. VEs are used in a variety of settings, including training, education, health, online collaboration, scientific visualization and entertainment. Their use is becoming more and more pervasive as hardware gets more capable of simulating reality in real-time (including graphics, physics and intelligent behavior). As part of the theoretical overview, the course will introduce the history of VEs, what kind of problems VEs have proven to be best at addressing, what are their shown limitations, what models of human-computer interaction apply to VEs and how these models are evolving and pushing the state-of-the-art in interactivity. The technical portion of the course will lead students through the construction and population of VEs in a very hands-on manner, covering topics such as world representation, real-time graphics and simulation issues, networked environments, avatars and interactive characters, event scripting and AI control, special real-time visual and aural effects and intuitive user interfaces.

On completion of the course students should:

• Know what constitutes a virtual environment, why they have been created throughout history and how they are used today.
• Be able to think critically about virtual environments as a user interface and design effective environments.
• Understand how humans construct a mental image of their environment using visual cues and how this can be exploited.
• Know the difference between presence and immersion, and understand how these may be measured.
• Understand the principles of effective action in virtual environments, including concepts such as flow, implicit constraints, explicit constraints and contextual action.
• Be familiar with the roles of characters in virtual environments and the common ways to make them autonomous and to animate them.
• Know what an avatar is and understand the issues that relate to level of control.
• Be familiar with the several techniques for constructing visual realism in virtual environments.
• Be able to create an interactive virtual environment in a scripting language and use a scene representation, models, terrain, lights, texturing, physics, animation, heads-up-display and shaders.

For many of the theoretical Monday sessions, students need to come particularily well prepared. They will need to study certain materials and be ready to participate in exercises or small group discussions during the class. Student contribution to these classes will count towards the participation grade.

During the semester, students should complete two programming assignments and a final programming project. These are all group projects, but M.Sc. level students can at most be in 2 person groups. Students discuss final project ideas with instructor in week 05, present a proposal to the class in week 08, demonstrate the project in week 12 and turn in a report on the project in the last week. Everything that has to be turned in, should arrive no later than at 23:59 on the due date, or else incur 10% penalty for each additional day, including weekends and holidays.

Please note that there is a 70% attendance requirement for the theoretical topic / discussion classes on Mondays. You must pass this attendance limit in order to take the exam. Please inform the instructor if this is hard for you for some reason such as scheduling conflicts or sick leave.

There is no single textbook for the course. Reading and support materials will be handed out in class or posted on MySchool. These will mostly be in the form of research papers, software and online resources. The course is also to some extent inspired by the following books:

• Bergeron, B. “Developing Serious Games”, Charles River Media, Inc., 2006.
• Pimentel, K., Teixeira, K., “Virtual Reality: Through the new looking glass”, Windcrest Books, 1993.
• Slater, M., Steed, A., Chrysanthou, Y. “Computer Graphics and Virtual Environments”, Addison-Weseley, 2002.
• Stuart, R., “The Design of Virtual Environments”Barricade Books Inc., 2001.
• Laurel, B., “Computers as Theatre”, Addison-Wesley,1993
• Cooper, A., Reimann, R., “About Face 2.0: The Essentials of Interaction Design”, Wiley

• Unity 3D
  • The Unity 3D Game Engine
• Blender Modeling
  • Open Source Blender 3D Modeling and Animation Program Download
• Shader Programming
  • NVIDIA's Cg User Manual
  • Basic Concepts of Illumination in Computer Graphics
• Other useful tools
  • Terragen for creating terrain and sky textures
  • EarthSculptor for interactive terrain sculpting (you can export maps)