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        <description>A MICRO CRASH COURSE IN ANNs








ANNs: Overview
  ANNs   A special way to create classification functions over large amounts of data without explicitly specifying the mathematical operations. Instead, a largely automated process called 'training' (based on an algorithm called</description>
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        <description>T-713-MERS-2026 Main 

Link to Lecture Notes






INTRODUCTION




Working Definition of Intelligence
  The (working) 
Definition of 
Intelligence 
Used in This 
Course     

 Adaptation with insufficient knowledge and resources 
-- Pei Wang 

      'Adaptation'  means changing strategically in light of new information.</description>
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        <description>T-713-MERS-2026 Main 

Link to Lecture Notes






EMPIRICAL REASONING - Prelude




Reasoning
  What is Reasoning?   A systematic way of thinking about and manipulating models of relations. 
A systematic way to create, compare, manipulate and apply models of relations.    How is it done?</description>
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        <description>T-713-MERS-2026 Main 

Link to Lecture Notes






WORLDS, EMPIRICISM &amp; DATA






The Physical World
  
What it is   A set of ultimate constraints that determine what is and isn't possible. We call it “the laws of physics” (even though we don't really know if they are immutable 'laws').</description>
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        <description>DCS-T-713-MERS-2026 Main 

Lecture Notes






Learning &amp; Knowledge








Key Learning Terms
  What it is   Learning is a process that has the purpose of generating actionable information, a.k.a. knowledge.     


Key Features   Inherits key features of any process: 
- Purpose: To adapt, to respond in rational ways to problems / to achieve foreseen goals; this factor determines how the rest of the features in this list are measured.</description>
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        <description>T-713-MERS-2026 Main 

Link to Lecture Notes






After taking the course, diligently attending the classes and doing the assignments, thoroughly reading, and actively participating in discussions, students should be able to:

	*  Describe how common forms of reasoning relate to next-generation AI systems</description>
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        <description>T-713-MERS-2026 Main




T-713-MERS-2026 Links to Thórisson's Lecture Notes

	*  Background Concepts
		*  Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs)

	*  W1: INTRODUCTION
		*  Concepts &amp; Terms
		*  Empirical Reasoning - Preface

	*  W2: DATA, WORLDS &amp; EMPIRICISM
		*  Key concepts: Environment, tasks, entities, variables, experiments, data
		*  Worlds, Empiricism 

	*  W3:</description>
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        <description>T-720-MERS, EMPIRICAL REASONING AI SYSTEMS, Fall 2026








OVERVIEW




See Canvas For Up-To-Date Information, Notifications, Links to Lecture Notes

Instructor: Kristinn R. Thórisson 

Teaching Assistants: Leonard Eberding, Chloe Schaff 

8 ECTS Units, full Master's-level course</description>
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        <description>DCS-T-713-MERS-2025 Main





NOTE: This is a preliminary structure - will be finalized by Sept 10. 





Organization

Your final grade will be made up of in-class assignments, home assignments, and the final exam. 
The exact percentages will be adjusted towards the end of the course.</description>
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        <description>DCS-T-713-MERS-2026 Main

T-713-MERS-2026 Readings &amp; Study Material

Readings README (Do not skip!)







INTELLIGENCE: THE PHENOMENON [5,6]

What is intelligence? 
How do experts talk about it? 
What has been uncovered? 
What uniquely separates the phenomenon of intelligence from other similar phenomena in the world?</description>
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        <description>DCS-T-713-MERS-2026 Main 

Lecture Notes






Introduction to Reasoning Machines








Syllogisms
  
What is it?   A form of deductive argument/reasoning in which a conclusion is drawn from 2 given or assumed propositions (premises / statements). The premises and the conclusion are simple declarative statements constructed using only three simple terms between them, each term appearing twice (as a subject and as a predicate)</description>
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        <dc:date>2026-09-06T18:53:46+00:00</dc:date>
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        <title>public:t-713-mers:mers-26:task_theory</title>
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        <description>T-713-MERS-2026 Main 

Link to Lecture Notes






Task Teory





  
What it is   A systematic framework for describing, comparing, and analyzing tasks, independent of any specific agent. Provides the foundations for evaluating intelligent systems empirically (measurable outcomes, repeatable experiments, controlled variables).</description>
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