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public:t-malv-15-3:1 [2018/08/15 21:58] – Hiding orvarkpublic:t-malv-15-3:1 [2024/04/29 13:33] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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 ====== Lab 1 ====== ====== Lab 1 ======
  
 +**Hand in your code in MySchool before midnight today (20 August). A single .py file containing the code in the same order as the given problems.** You can use File->New File in IDLE to create the file.
 +
 +If you can't manage to complete a particular problem please hand in your incomplete code -- comment it out if it produces an error.
 +
 +===== 1. Getting to know some helpful functions =====
 +
 +<code python>
 +#Use dir() to see the names that exist in the current scope.
 +
 +dir()
 +
 +#You can use help() to see what dir does.
 +
 +help(dir)
 +
 +#Now define three variables and a list. Feel free to change the values:
 +
 +my_str = "This is an ordinary string"
 +my_int = 5
 +my_float = 4.6
 +my_list = ['A','B','C','D']
 +
 +#Use dir() again. Has anything changed?
 +
 +#Use type() to see the type of each.
 +
 +type(my_str)
 ... ...
 +
 +#Now use dir on the four types you defined.
 +
 +dir(my_str)
 +...
 +
 +#Most of the names are functions that can be applied to the types.
 +#For example dir(my_str) lists 'upper' so its possible to do the following:
 +
 +my_str.upper()
 +
 +#You can use help to see what each function does:
 +
 +help(my_str.upper)
 +
 +#Use dir and help to select one function to apply to each of the variables
 +#and the list.
 +
 +</code>
 +
 +**Return the your code for applying the four functions you selected in the last part.**
 +Note to use print(my_...) to show the change the function made.
 +
 +
 +===== 2. Naive is_male =====
 +
 +<code python>
 +#Define a very simple and naive function to check if an Icelandic proper name belongs to a male
 +#(e.g. ends with "son").
 +
 +def is_male(proper_name):
 + return #add code here
 +</code>
 +
 +Example usage:
 +
 +<code>
 +>>> is_male("Örvar Kárason")
 +True
 +>>> is_male("Glódís Káradóttir")
 +False
 +>>> is_male("Gillian Anderson")
 +True
 +>>> is_male("Tucson")
 +True
 +>>> is_male("a person")
 +True
 +</code>
 +
 +**Can you improve the function so it handles some of the false positives in the example above?**
 +
 +===== 3. Replace bad with good =====
 +
 +Define a function that takes a string (text), list (bad_list) and an optional string (good_str) as arguments. It should return the text-string where all occurances of the string items on the bad-list-list have been replaced by the good-string.
 +
 +<code python>
 +def str_replace(text, bad_list, good=''):
 +    #add code here
 +    return text
 +</code>
 +
 +Example usage:
 +
 +<code>
 +>>> str_replace("Duck", ['u','c'], '*')
 +'D**k'
 +>>> str_replace("Python has strange rules!", ['strange ','has '])
 +'Python rules!'
 +</code>
 +
 +===== 4. NLTK functions =====
 +
 +Before you can get started with the NLTK corpora you have download it with nltk.download() once.
 +
 +<code python>
 +import nltk
 +</code>
 +
 +Apply NLTK functions to do the following:
 +
 +  * Import text6 from nltk
 +  * Show the concordance of the word "coconut"
 +  * Find words occuring in similar contexts to "coconut"
 +  * Find the collocations in text6
 +
 +===== 5. NLTK coding =====
 +
 +Write code to do the following with the NLTK:
 +
 +  * List all words starting with 'z' alphabetically in text6
 +  * List all uppercase words in text6 (problem 23 [[http://www.nltk.org/book/ch01.html#exercises]])
 +
 +===== 6. A dictionary of rules =====
 +
 +You are given a dictionary (string:list) of CFG production rules. Make some changes to the rules and then print them nicely.
 +
 +<code python>
 +rules = {"S": ["NP VP"],
 +         "VP": ["V NP"],
 +         "NP": ["Det N", "Adj NP"],
 +         "N": ["boy", "girl"],
 +         "V": ["sees", "likes"],
 +         "Adj": ["big", "small"],
 +         "Det": ["a", "the"]}
 +
 +#Add code to add the verb "hates" to "V".
 +
 +#Add code to add the nouns "dog" and "cat" to "N".
 +
 +#Add code to print out the rules giving the following output.
 +
 +</code>
 +//Hint: items() [[https://docs.python.org/3.4/tutorial/datastructures.html#looping-techniques]]//
 +
 +Expected output (the order of the rules does not matter):
 +
 +<code>
 +N -> boy | girl | dog | cat
 +S -> NP VP
 +NP -> Det N | Adj NP
 +Adj -> big | small
 +Det -> a | the
 +VP -> V NP
 +V -> sees | likes | hates
 +</code>
 +
 +===== Possible Solutions =====
 +
 +<code python>
 +#1
 +my_str.upper()
 +my_int.str()
 +my_float.is_integer()
 +my_list.pop(2)
 +
 +#2
 +def is_male(proper_name):
 +    return proper_name[-3:] == "son"
 +    #return proper_name.endswith("son")
 +
 +# return ... and ' ' in proper_name and proper_name.istitle() and "Gillian" in proper_name
 +# return ... and proper_name.find(' ') and proper_name.istitle() and proper_name.find("Gillian")
 +
 +#3
 +def str_replace(text, bad_list, good=''):
 +    for bad in bad_list:
 +        text = text.replace(bad, good)
 +    return text
 +
 +#4
 +from nltk.book import text6
 +text6.concordance("coconut")
 +text6.similar("coconut")
 +text6.collocations()
 +
 +#5
 +sorted(w for w in set(text6) if w.startswith('z')) # w[0] == 'z'
 +sorted(set(w for w in text6 if w.isupper())))
 +
 +#6
 +rules["N"] += ["dog", "cat"]
 +rules["V"].append("hates")
 +
 +for left, right in rules.items():
 +    print(left, "->", ' | '.join(right))
 +
 +
 +</code>
/var/www/cadia.ru.is/wiki/data/attic/public/t-malv-15-3/1.1534370312.txt.gz · Last modified: 2024/04/29 13:32 (external edit)

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