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public:t-709-aies-2025:aies-2025:moral_theories_i [2025/08/25 14:56] – [Moral Objectivism] leonard | public:t-709-aies-2025:aies-2025:moral_theories_i [2025/09/15 08:50] (current) – [Moral Objectivism] leonard | ||
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===== Concepts ===== | ===== Concepts ===== | ||
- | | Morality | The system through which we determine | + | |
- | | Ethics | The philosophical study of Morality | + | ==== Morality ==== |
- | | Theory | + | |
- | | Moral Theory | + | | What is Morality? |
+ | | Why is defining morality difficult? | ||
+ | | Descriptive Morality | ||
+ | | Normative Morality | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Ethics ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | | What is Ethics? | ||
+ | | What isn't Ethics? | ||
+ | | Ethics vs. Morality | ||
+ | |||
+ | ==== Moral Theory ==== | ||
+ | |||
+ | | What are Moral Theories? | ||
+ | | Purpose of Moral Theories | ||
+ | | Role in Ethical Disagreement | ||
+ | | | ||
===== Basic Principles ===== | ===== Basic Principles ===== | ||
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| Basis of Utilitarianism | Ask what has intrinsic value and assess the consequences of an action in terms of intrinsically valuable things | | | Basis of Utilitarianism | Ask what has intrinsic value and assess the consequences of an action in terms of intrinsically valuable things | | ||
| Instrumental and Intrinsic Value | **Instrumental Value**: A thing has only instrumental value if it is only valuable for what it may get you (e.g., money). \\ **Intrinsic Value**: A thing has intrinsic value if you value it for itself (i.e., you would value it even if it brought you nothing else. | | | Instrumental and Intrinsic Value | **Instrumental Value**: A thing has only instrumental value if it is only valuable for what it may get you (e.g., money). \\ **Intrinsic Value**: A thing has intrinsic value if you value it for itself (i.e., you would value it even if it brought you nothing else. | | ||
- | | What has intrinsic value? | For utilitarians: | + | | What has intrinsic value? | For utilitarians: |
The most ethical action is the one that produces the greatest overall happiness or well-being for the greatest number of people and minimizes pain or unhappiness for everyone affected by the choice. Outcomes are prioritized over intentions. | The most ethical action is the one that produces the greatest overall happiness or well-being for the greatest number of people and minimizes pain or unhappiness for everyone affected by the choice. Outcomes are prioritized over intentions. |
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