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| public:t-709-aies-2025:aies-2025:intro [2025/08/18 17:32] – thorisson | public:t-709-aies-2025:aies-2025:intro [2025/08/18 17:34] (current) – thorisson |
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| ===== SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS ===== | |
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| | ==== Fields of Research ==== |
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| | | Philosophy | A systematic investigation into any phenomenon. \\ Fundamental motivation: Deepened understanding of our place in the universe. \\ Fundamental driving principle: Human reasoning and creativity. \\ Fundamental organizing principle: Schools of thought; methods of reasoning. \\ //When you hardly know anything about a phenomenon, yet insist on getting to the bottom of it, philosophizing gets you started.// | |
| | | Science | A systematic investigation into phenomena in the natural world susceptible to physical experimentation. \\ Fundamental motivation: Reliable knowledge of the world. \\ Fundamental driving principle: Induction. \\ Fundamental organizing principle: Controlled comparative experiment. \\ //When you embark on improving your understanding of a phenomenon with measurable/quantifiable variables, through comparative experiments, you are applying the **scientific method** ("doing science").// \\ "Expanding the model for deepening knowledge." | |
| | | Engineering | Effort to construct things using relevant knowledge (often state-of-the-art scientific models/theories - see below), systematic methods, and relevant technology. \\ Fundamental motivation: Control of human environment. \\ Fundamental principle: Design. \\ Fundamental organizing principle: Methodical application of known procedures and methods. \\ //When you embark on changing or improving any aspect of your environment, working towards the implementation of a well-defined end product, through an application of best known practices, you are doing engineering.// | |
| | | Technology | The output of engineering. \\ Methods, aparati, and techniques for getting things done. Fundamental principle: Composition, design, engineering. \\ "Applying the model to get things done." | |
| | | Cognitive Science | The study of natural intelligence, in particular human (and that found in nature). | |
| | | Mathematics | A systematic study of quantity, numbers, patterns, and their relationships. Fundamental principle: Deduction. \\ //When you embark on clarifying the behavior and nature of quantifiable domains, using axiomatic rules and proofs, you are doing mathematics.// | |
| | | Causal Relations | A relation between two entities that makes one predictable from the other. \\ // Deduction (deriving side-effects): If I flip the light switch, the lights will shine. \\ Abduction (bringing about change): If I want the light to shine, I can flip the light switch. // | |
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| | ===== SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS ===== |
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| | A Scientific Theory can be **disproven** | To count as "scientific" a theory //must// be disprovable. For this there must exist some measures and actions that are //possible// (in theory, but better yet, practice) whose results would possibly -- should the measurements come out a particular way -- disprove the theory. \\ Applying this criterion strictly means that //all scientific theories to date have been disproven -- i.e. proven incorrect (another way to say this is that we can find the **limits** of a theory through experimentation).// \\ This is a //feature// of science (not a bug): Exposing the limits of our theories by demonstrating in which contexts they are incorrect allows us to come up with better theories. | | | A Scientific Theory can be **disproven** | To count as "scientific" a theory //must// be disprovable. For this there must exist some measures and actions that are //possible// (in theory, but better yet, practice) whose results would possibly -- should the measurements come out a particular way -- disprove the theory. \\ Applying this criterion strictly means that //all scientific theories to date have been disproven -- i.e. proven incorrect (another way to say this is that we can find the **limits** of a theory through experimentation).// \\ This is a //feature// of science (not a bug): Exposing the limits of our theories by demonstrating in which contexts they are incorrect allows us to come up with better theories. | |
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| ==== Fields of Research ==== | |
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| | Philosophy | A systematic investigation into any phenomenon. \\ Fundamental motivation: Deepened understanding of our place in the universe. \\ Fundamental driving principle: Human reasoning and creativity. \\ Fundamental organizing principle: Schools of thought; methods of reasoning. \\ //When you hardly know anything about a phenomenon, yet insist on getting to the bottom of it, philosophizing gets you started.// | | |
| | Science | A systematic investigation into phenomena in the natural world susceptible to physical experimentation. \\ Fundamental motivation: Reliable knowledge of the world. \\ Fundamental driving principle: Induction. \\ Fundamental organizing principle: Controlled comparative experiment. \\ //When you embark on improving your understanding of a phenomenon with measurable/quantifiable variables, through comparative experiments, you are applying the **scientific method** ("doing science").// \\ "Expanding the model for deepening knowledge." | | |
| | Engineering | Effort to construct things using relevant knowledge (often state-of-the-art scientific models/theories - see below), systematic methods, and relevant technology. \\ Fundamental motivation: Control of human environment. \\ Fundamental principle: Design. \\ Fundamental organizing principle: Methodical application of known procedures and methods. \\ //When you embark on changing or improving any aspect of your environment, working towards the implementation of a well-defined end product, through an application of best known practices, you are doing engineering.// | | |
| | Technology | The output of engineering. \\ Methods, aparati, and techniques for getting things done. Fundamental principle: Composition, design, engineering. \\ "Applying the model to get things done." | | |
| | Cognitive Science | The study of natural intelligence, in particular human (and that found in nature). | | |
| | Mathematics | A systematic study of quantity, numbers, patterns, and their relationships. Fundamental principle: Deduction. \\ //When you embark on clarifying the behavior and nature of quantifiable domains, using axiomatic rules and proofs, you are doing mathematics.// | | |
| | Causal Relations | A relation between two entities that makes one predictable from the other. \\ // Deduction (deriving side-effects): If I flip the light switch, the lights will shine. \\ Abduction (bringing about change): If I want the light to shine, I can flip the light switch. // | | |
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