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public:sc-t-701-rem4-18-1:rem4-18-lecturenotes [2018/03/26 11:22] – [The Scientific Method: The Comparative Experiment (ísl. samanburðartilraun)] thorissonpublic:sc-t-701-rem4-18-1:rem4-18-lecturenotes [2024/04/29 13:33] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1
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-  * [[#Key_Concepts|Key Concepts]] (this page) +  * [[#Key_Concepts|Key Concepts]] (lecture notes below, this page) 
   * [[public:rem4:rem4-18:Scientific Publications|Scientific Publications]]   * [[public:rem4:rem4-18:Scientific Publications|Scientific Publications]]
     - [[public:rem4:rem4-18:Scientific Environment]]     - [[public:rem4:rem4-18:Scientific Environment]]
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   * **Philosophy of Science**   * **Philosophy of Science**
     - [[public:rem4:rem4-18:philosophy of science I]]     - [[public:rem4:rem4-18:philosophy of science I]]
 +      - [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technology|What is technology?]]
 +      - [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science|What is science?]]
 +      - [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy_of_science|What is philosophy of science?]]
 +      - [[http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/scientific-experiments/occams-razor2.htm|What is Occam's Razor?]]
 +      - [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philosophy|What is philosophy?]]
 +      - [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Causality|What is causation?]]
       - [[http://www.informationphilosopher.com/freedom/causality.html|Causality]] on Information Philosopher       - [[http://www.informationphilosopher.com/freedom/causality.html|Causality]] on Information Philosopher
 +      - [[http://nostalgia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logical_positivism|Logical positivism.]]
       - IRPS: //What is Science?// by Ziman       - IRPS: //What is Science?// by Ziman
       - IPRS - {{http://cadia.ru.is/wiki/_media/rem4:iprs-selectedchpts2015copy.pdf|Introductory Readings in the Philosophy of Science}} [[public:rem-4:rem-4-18:missing lines in IRPSS|Missing lines in scan]]       - IPRS - {{http://cadia.ru.is/wiki/_media/rem4:iprs-selectedchpts2015copy.pdf|Introductory Readings in the Philosophy of Science}} [[public:rem-4:rem-4-18:missing lines in IRPSS|Missing lines in scan]]
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       - IPRS - {{http://cadia.ru.is/wiki/_media/rem4:iprs-selectedchpts2015copy.pdf|Introductory Readings in the Philosophy of Science}} [[public:rem-4:rem-4-18:missing lines in IRPSS|Missing lines in scan]]        - IPRS - {{http://cadia.ru.is/wiki/_media/rem4:iprs-selectedchpts2015copy.pdf|Introductory Readings in the Philosophy of Science}} [[public:rem-4:rem-4-18:missing lines in IRPSS|Missing lines in scan]] 
   * **Empiricism, Experiments & Information**  \\ // Research Methodology - a step-by-step guide for beginners// **(RM)** by Ranjit Kumar \\ All chapters except Ch10 (and Ch18 if you have the 3rd edition). Emphasis on those covered in class.   * **Empiricism, Experiments & Information**  \\ // Research Methodology - a step-by-step guide for beginners// **(RM)** by Ranjit Kumar \\ All chapters except Ch10 (and Ch18 if you have the 3rd edition). Emphasis on those covered in class.
 +    - [[http://arachnoid.com/scientific_paradigm/index.html|The scientific paradigm]] by Paul Lutus
 +    - [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Empirical_evidence|What is empirical evidence?]] on Wikipedia
 +    - [[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Experiment|What is a scientific experiment?]] on Wikipedia
     - [[public:rem4:rem4-18:design_of_comparative_experiments_i|Design of Comparative Experiments I]]     - [[public:rem4:rem4-18:design_of_comparative_experiments_i|Design of Comparative Experiments I]]
       - RM: Chs.7 (Rsch Des), 8 (Sel Study Des)       - RM: Chs.7 (Rsch Des), 8 (Sel Study Des)
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 ==== The Scientific Method: The Comparative Experiment (ísl. samanburðartilraun) ====   ==== The Scientific Method: The Comparative Experiment (ísl. samanburðartilraun) ====  
 |  Identification, description and formalization of phenomenon  | Observation and description of a phenomenon or group of phenomena. | |  Identification, description and formalization of phenomenon  | Observation and description of a phenomenon or group of phenomena. |
-|  **Hypothesis**, null-hypothesis  | Formulation of an hypothesis to explain the phenomena. In physics, the hypothesis often takes the form of a causal mechanism or a mathematical relation. Null-hypothesis is the inverse of a hypothesis - i.e. that some relationship that it proposes does **not** hold. |+|  **Hypothesis**, null-hypothesis  | Formulation of an hypothesis to explain the phenomena. In physics, the hypothesis often takes the form of a causal mechanism or a mathematical relation. Null-hypothesis of a hypothesis is the claim that it is false - i.e. that some relationship that it proposes does **not** hold. |
 |  Creation of **experimental setup** to test hypothesis  | Use of the hypothesis to predict the existence of other phenomena, or to predict quantitatively the results of new observations. | |  Creation of **experimental setup** to test hypothesis  | Use of the hypothesis to predict the existence of other phenomena, or to predict quantitatively the results of new observations. |
 |  Performance of experiment, collection and analysis of results  | Performance of experimental tests of the predictions by several independent experimenters and properly performed experiments. Basic assumption: Repeatability Can be repeated by anyone anywhere  | |  Performance of experiment, collection and analysis of results  | Performance of experimental tests of the predictions by several independent experimenters and properly performed experiments. Basic assumption: Repeatability Can be repeated by anyone anywhere  |
 |  **Repeatability** requires formal framework  | Detailed description, clear goals, clear (limited) scope, hence the formalities in their execution  | |  **Repeatability** requires formal framework  | Detailed description, clear goals, clear (limited) scope, hence the formalities in their execution  |
 |  Key idea: **Comparsion**  | Baseline collected in same experimental setup without any other intervention by experimenter  | |  Key idea: **Comparsion**  | Baseline collected in same experimental setup without any other intervention by experimenter  |
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 +|  {{public:t-701-rem4:scientific-method-1-gordana-dodig-crnkovic.png?700}}  |
 +|  Processes underlying hypothetico-deductive scientific work. REF: //Scientific Methods in Computer Science// by Gordana Dodig-Crnkovic  |
  
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/var/www/cadia.ru.is/wiki/data/attic/public/sc-t-701-rem4-18-1/rem4-18-lecturenotes.1522063375.txt.gz · Last modified: 2024/04/29 13:32 (external edit)

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